    Network Working Goup                                         D. Eastlake
    Request for Comments: 2706                                           IBM
    Category: Informational                                     T. Goldstein
                                                                      Brodia
                                                                October 1999

                      ECML v1: Field Names for E-Commerce

    Status of this Memo

       This memo provides information for the Internet community.  It does
       not specify an Internet standard of any kind.  Distribution of this
       memo is unlimited.

    Copyright Notice

       Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999).  All Rights Reserved.

    IESG Note

       This document is the output of a vendor consortium, and is not the
       output of an IETF Working Group.  Implementors of this specification
       are warned that this data model is heavily biased toward conventions
       used in the United States, and the English language.  As such it is
       unlikely to be suitable for international or multilingual use in the
       global Internet.

    Abstract

       Customers are frequently required to enter substantial amounts of
       information at an Internet merchant site in order to complete a
       purchase or other transaction, especially the first time they go
       there. A standard set of information fields is defined as the first
       version of an Electronic Commerce Modeling Language (ECML) so that
       this task can be more easily automated, for example by wallet
       software that could fill in fields.  Even for the manual data entry
       case, customers will be less confused by varying merchant sites if a
       substantial number adopt these standard fields.

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    RFC 2706                    ECom Field Names                October 1999

    Acknowledgements

       The following persons, in alphabetic order, contributed substantially
       to the material herein:

               George Burne, Trintech

               Joe Coco, Microsoft

               Kevin Weller, Visa

    Table of Contents

       1. Introduction................................................2
       1.1 Background.................................................2
       1.2 Relationship to Other Standards............................3
       1.3 Areas Deferred to Future Versions..........................4
       2. Using The Fields............................................4
       2.1 Presentation of the Fields.................................4
       2.2 Methods and Flow of Setting the Fields.....................5
       2.3 HTML Example...............................................6
       3. Field Definitions...........................................7
       4. End Notes...................................................9
       5. Security Considerations....................................10
       References....................................................11
       Authors' Addresses............................................12
       Full Copyright Statement......................................13

    1. Introduction

    1.1 Background

       Today, numerous merchants are successfully conducting business on the
       Internet using HTML-based forms. The data formats used in these forms
       varies considerably from one merchant to another. End-users find the
       diversity confusing and the process of manually filling in these
       forms to be tedious.  The result is that many merchant forms,
       reportedly around two thirds, are abandoned during the fill in
       process.

       Software tools called electronic wallets can help this situation.  A
       digital wallet is an application or service that assists consumers in
       conducting online transactions by allowing them to store billing,
       shipping, payment, and preference information and to use this
       information to automatically complete merchant interactions.  This
       greatly simplifies the check-out process and minimizes the need for a
       consumer to complete a merchant's form every time.  Digital wallets
       that fill forms have been successfully built into browsers, as helper

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    RFC 2706                    ECom Field Names                October 1999

       applications to browsers, as stand-alone applications, as browser
       plug-ins, and as server-based applications.  But the proliferation of
       electronic wallets has been hampered by the lack of standards.

       ECML (Electronic Commerce Modeling Language, <www.ecml.org>) Version
       1 provides a set of simple guidelines for web merchants that will
       enable electronic wallets from multiple vendors to fill in their web
       forms. The end-result is that more consumers will find shopping on
       the web to be easy and compelling.

       The set of fields documented herein was developed by the
       Wallet/Merchant Standards Alliance (www.ecml.org) which now includes,
       in alphabetic order, the following:

                American Express (www.americanexpress.com)
                AOL (www.aol.com)
                Brodia (www.brodia.com)
                Compaq (www.compaq.com)
                CyberCash (www.cybercash.com)
                Discover (www.discovercard.com)
                FSTC (www.fstc.org)
                IBM (www.ibm.com)
                Mastercard (www.mastercard.com)
                Microsoft (www.microsoft.com)
                Novell (www.novell.com)
                SETCo (www.setco.org)
                Sun Microsystems (www.sun.com)
                Trintech (www.trintech.com)
                Visa (www.visa.com)

       The fields are derived from and consistent with the W3C P3P base data
       schema at

          <http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-P3P/basedata.html>.

    1.2 Relationship to Other Standards

       ECML Version 1 is not a replacement or alternative to SSL/TLS [RFC
       2246], SET [SET], XML [XML], or IOTP [IOTP]. These are important
       standards that provide functionality such as non-repudiatable
       transactions, automatable payment scheme selection, and smart card
       support.

       ECML may be used with any payment mechanism.  It simply allows a
       merchant to publish consistent simple web forms.

       Multiple wallets and multiple merchants plan to interoperably support
       ECML.  This is an open standard. ECML is designed to be simple.

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       Version 1 of the project adds no new technology to the web.  A
       merchant can adopt ECML and gain the support of these multiple
       Wallets by making very simple changes to the HTML pages that they
       currently use to support their customers.  Use of ECML requires no
       license.

    1.3 Areas Deferred to Future Versions

       Standardization of information fields transmitted from the merchant
       to the consumer, considerations for business purchasing cards, non-
       card payment mechanisms, wallet activation, privacy related
       mechanisms, additional payment mechanisms, and any sort of
       "negotiation" were among the areas deferred to consideration in
       future versions.  Hidden or other special fields were minimized.  The
       primary target was North American consumer to merchant electronic
       commerce.

    2. Using The Fields

       To conform to this document, the field names shall be as listed in
       section 3 below.  Note: this does not impose any restriction on the
       user visible labeling of fields, just on their names as used in
       communication with the merchant.

    2.1 Presentation of the Fields

       There is no necessary implication as to the order or manner of
       presentation.  Some merchants may wish to ask for more information,
       some less by omitting fields.  Some merchants may ask for the
       information they want in one HTML form on one web page, others may
       ask for parts of the information at different times on different
       pages.  For example, it is common to ask for "ship to" information
       earlier, so shipping cost can be computed, before the payment method
       information.  Some merchants may require that all the information
       they request be provided while other make much information optional,
       etc.

       There is no way with version 1 of ECML to indicate what fields the
       merchant considers mandatory.  From the point of view of customer
       software, all fields are optional to complete.  However, the merchant
       may give an error or re-present a request for information if some
       field it requires is not completed, just as it may if a field is
       completed in a manner it considers erroneous.

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    2.2 Methods and Flow of Setting the Fields

       There are a variety of methods of communication possible between the
       customer and the merchant by which the merchant can indicate what
       fields they want that the consumer can provide.  Probably the easiest
       to use for currently deployed software is as fields in an HTML
       [HTML4.0] form.  Other possibilities are to use the W3C P3P protocol
       or the IOTP Authenticate transaction [IOTP].

       User action or the appearance of the Ecom_SchemaVersion field are
       examples of triggers that could be used to initiate a facility
       capable of filling in fields.  It is required that the
       Ecom_SchemaVersion field, which is usually a hidden field, be
       included on every web page that has any "Ecom_" fields.

       Because web pages can load very slowly, it may not be clear to an
       automated field fill-in function when it is finished filling in
       fields on a web page.  For this reason, it is recommended that the
       Ecom_SchemaVersion field be the last "Ecom_" field on a web page.

       Merchant requests for information can extend over several web pages.
       Without further provision, a facility could either require re-
       starting on each page or possibly violate or appear to violate
       privacy by continuing to fill in fields for pages beyond with end of
       the transaction with a particular merchant.  For this reason the
       Ecom_TransactionComplete field, which is normally hidden, is
       provided.  It is recommended that it appear on the last web page
       involved in a transaction, just before an Ecom_SchemaVersion field,
       so that multi-web-page automated field fill in logic could know when
       to stop if it chooses to check for this field.

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    2.3 HTML Example

       An example in HTML might be as follows:

       <HTML>
       <HEAD>
       <title> eCom Fields Example </title>
       </HEAD>
       <BODY>
        <FORM action="http://ecom.example.com" method="POST">
       Please enter card information:
       <p>Your name on the card
         <INPUT type="text" name="Ecom_Payment_Card_Name" SIZE=40>
       <br>The card number
         <INPUT type="text" name="Ecom_Payment_Card_Number" SIZE=19>
       <br>Expiration date (MM YY)
         <INPUT type="text" name="Ecom_Payment_Card_ExpDate_Month" SIZE=2>
         <INPUT type="text" name="Ecom_Payment_Card_ExpDate_Year" SIZE=4>
        <INPUT type="hidden" name="Ecom_Payment_Card_Protocol">
        <INPUT type="hidden" name="Ecom_SchemaVersion"
               value="http://www.ecml.org/version/1.0">
       <br>
        <INPUT type="submit" value="submit"> <INPUT type="reset">
        </FORM>
       </BODY>
       </HTML>

       After all of the pages are submitted, the merchant will reply with a
       confirmation page informing both the user and the wallet that the
       transaction is complete.

       <HTML>
       <HEAD>
       <title> eCom Transaction Complete Example </title>
       </HEAD>
       <BODY>
        <FORM>
        Thank you for your order. It will be shipped in several days.
        <INPUT type="hidden" name="Ecom_TransactionComplete">
        <INPUT type="hidden" name="Ecom_SchemaVersion"
               value="http://www.ecml.org/version/1.0">
        </FORM>
       </BODY>
       </HTML>

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    3. Field Definitions

       The fields are listed below along with the minimum data entry size to
       allow.  Note that these fields are hierarchically organized as
       indicated by the embedded underscore ("_") characters.  Appropriate
       consumer to merchant transmission mechanisms may use this to request
       and send aggregates, such as Ecom_Payment_Card_ExpDate to encompass
       all the date components or Ecom_ShipTo to encompass all the ship to
       components that the consumer is willing to provide.  The marshalling
       and unmarshalling of the components of such aggregates depends on the
       data transfer protocol used.

       IMPORTANT NOTE: "MIN" in the table below is the MINIMUM DATA SIZE TO
       ALLOW FOR ON DATA ENTRY.  It is NOT the minimum size for valid
       contents of the field and merchant software should, in most cases, be
       prepared to receive a longer or shorter value.  Merchant dealing with
       areas where, for example, the state/province name or phone number is
       longer than the "Min" given below must obviously permit longer data
       entry.  In some cases, however, there is a maximum size that makes
       sense and where this is the case, it is documented in a Note for the
       field.

          FIELD                      NAME                        Min  Notes

       ship to title            Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_Name_Prefix      4  ( 1)
       ship to first name       Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_Name_First      15
       ship to middle name      Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_Name_Middle     15  ( 2)
       ship to last name        Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_Name_Last       15
       ship to name suffix      Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_Name_Suffix      4  ( 3)
       ship to street line1     Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_Street_Line1    20  ( 4)
       ship to street line2     Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_Street_Line2    20  ( 4)
       ship to street line3     Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_Street_Line3    20  ( 4)
       ship to city             Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_City            22
       ship to state/province   Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_StateProv        2  ( 5)
       ship to zip/postal code  Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_PostalCode      14  ( 6)
       ship to country          Ecom_ShipTo_Postal_CountryCode      2  ( 7)
       ship to phone            Ecom_ShipTo_Telecom_Phone_Number   10  ( 8)
       ship to email            Ecom_ShipTo_Online_Email           40  ( 9)

       bill to title            Ecom_BillTo_Postal_Name_Prefix      4  ( 1)
       bill to first name       Ecom_BillTo_Postal_Name_First      15
       bill to middle name      Ecom_BillTo_Postal_Name_Middle     15  ( 2)
       bill to last name        Ecom_BillTo_Postal_Name_Last       15
       bill to name suffix      Ecom_BillTo_Postal_Name_Suffix      4  ( 3)
       bill to street line1     Ecom_BillTo_Postal_Street_Line1    20  ( 4)
       bill to street line2     Ecom_BillTo_Postal_Street_Line2    20  ( 4)
       bill to street line3     Ecom_BillTo_Postal_Street_Line3    20  ( 4)
       bill to city             Ecom_BillTo_Postal_City            22

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    RFC 2706                    ECom Field Names                October 1999

       bill to state/province   Ecom_BillTo_Postal_StateProv        2  ( 5)
       bill to zip/postal code  Ecom_BillTo_Postal_PostalCode      14  ( 6)
       bill to country          Ecom_BillTo_Postal_CountryCode      2  ( 7)
       bill to phone            Ecom_BillTo_Telecom_Phone_Number   10  ( 8)
       bill to email            Ecom_BillTo_Online_Email           40  ( 9)

       receiptTo title          Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_Name_Prefix   4  ( 1)
       receiptTo first name     Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_Name_First   15
       receiptTo middle name    Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_Name_Middle  15  ( 2)
       receiptTo last name      Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_Name_Last    15
       receiptTo name suffix    Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_Name_Suffix   4  ( 3)
       receiptTo street line1   Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_Street_Line1 20  ( 4)
       receiptTo street line2   Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_Street_Line2 20  ( 4)
       receiptTo street line3   Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_Street_Line3 20  ( 4)
       receiptTo city           Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_City         22
       receiptTo state/province Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_StateProv     2  ( 5)
       receiptTo postal code    Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_PostalCode   14  ( 6)
       receiptTo country        Ecom_ReceiptTo_Postal_CountryCode   2  ( 7)
       receiptTo phone          Ecom_ReceiptTo_Telecom_Phone_Number 10 ( 8)
       receiptTo email          Ecom_ReceiptTo_Online_Email        40  ( 9)

       name on card             Ecom_Payment_Card_Name             30  (10)

       card type                Ecom_Payment_Card_Type              4  (11)
       card number              Ecom_Payment_Card_Number           19  (12)
       card verification value  Ecom_Payment_Card_Verification      4  (13)

       card expire date day     Ecom_Payment_Card_ExpDate_Day       2  (14)
       card expire date month   Ecom_Payment_Card_ExpDate_Month     2  (15)
       card expire date year    Ecom_Payment_Card_ExpDate_Year      4  (16)

       card protocols           Ecom_Payment_Card_Protocol         20  (17)

       consumer order ID        Ecom_ConsumerOrderID               20  (18)

       schema version           Ecom_SchemaVersion                 30  (19)

       end transaction flag     Ecom_TransactionComplete            -  (20)

          FIELD                      NAME                        Min  Notes

       IMPORTANT NOTE: "MIN" in the table above is the MINIMUM DATA SIZE TO
       ALLOW FOR ON DATA ENTRY.  It is NOT the minimum size for valid
       contents of the field and merchant software should, in most cases, be
       prepared to receive a longer or shorter value.  Merchant dealing with
       areas where, for example, the state/province name or phone number is

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    RFC 2706                    ECom Field Names                October 1999

       longer than the "Min" given below must obviously permit longer data
       entry.  In some cases, however, there is a maximum size that makes
       sense and this is documented in a Note for the field.

    4. End Notes

       ( 1) For example: Mr., Mrs., Ms., Dr. This field is commonly not
            used.

       ( 2) May also be used for middle initial

       ( 3) For example: Ph.D., Jr. (Junior), 3rd, Esq. (Esquire). This
            field is commonly not used.

       ( 4) Address lines must be filled in the order line1, then line2,
            last line3.

       ( 5) 2 characters are the minimum for the US and Canada, other
            countries may require longer fields.  For the US use 2 character
            US Postal state abbreviation.

       ( 6) Minimum field lengths for Postal Code will vary based on
            international market served.  Use 5 character or 5+4 ZIP for the
            US and 6 character postal code for Canada.  The size given, 14,
            is believed to be the maximum required anywhere in the world.

       ( 7) Use [ISO 3166] standard two letter codes
            <http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1.html> for
            country names.

       ( 8) 10 digits are the minimum for numbers local to the North
            American Numbering Plan (<http://www.nanpa.com>: US, Canada and
            a number of smaller Caribbean and Pacific nations (but not
            Cuba)), other countries may require longer fields.  Telephone
            numbers are complicated by differing international access codes,
            variant punctuation of area/city codes within countries,
            confusion caused by the fact that the international access code
            in the NANP region is usually the same as the "country code" for
            that area (1), etc.  It will probably be necessary to use
            heuristics or human examination based on the telephone number
            and addresses given to figure out how to actually call a
            customer. It is recommend that an "x" be placed before extension
            numbers.

       ( 9) For example:  jsmith@example.com

       (10) The name of the cardholder.

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    RFC 2706                    ECom Field Names                October 1999

       (11) Use the first 4 letters of the association name: American
            Express=AMER; Diners Club=DINE; Discover=DISC; JCB=JCB;
            Mastercard=MAST; Visa=VISA.

       (12) Includes the check digit at end but no spaces or hyphens [ISO
            7812].  The Min given, 19, is the longest number permitted under
            the ISO standard.

       (13) An additional cardholder verification number printed on the card
            (but not embossed or recorded on the magnetic stripe) such as
            American Express' CIV, MasterCard's CVC2, and Visa's CVV2
            values.

       (14) The day of the month. Values: 1-31

       (15) The month of the year.  Jan - 1, Feb - 2, March - 3, etc.;
            Values: 1-12

       (16) The value in the wallet cell is always four digits, e.g., 1999,
            2000, 2001, ...

       (17) A space separated list of protocols available in connection with
            the specified card.  Initial list of case insensitive tokens:
            none, set, & setcert.  "Set" indicates usable with SET protocol
            (i.e., is in a SET wallet) but does not have a SET certificate.
            "Setcert" indicates same but does have a set certificate.
            "None" indicates that automatic field fill is operating but
            there is no SET wallet or the card is not entered in any SET
            wallet.

       (18) A unique order ID generated by the consumer software.

       (19) URI indicating version of this set of fields.  Usually a hidden
            field.  Equal to "http://www.ecml.org/version/1.0" for this
            version.

       (20) A flag to indicate that this web-page/aggregate is the final one
            for this transaction.  Usually a hidden field.

    5. Security Considerations

       The information called for by many of these fields is sensitive and
       should be protected if being sent over the public Internet or through
       other channels where it can be observed.  Mechanisms for such
       protection are not specified herein but channel encryption such as
       SSL/TLS [RFC 2246] or IPSec [RFC 2411] would be appropriate in many
       cases.

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    RFC 2706                    ECom Field Names                October 1999

       User control over release of such information is needed to protect
       the user's privacy.

       Any multi-web-page or other multi-aggregate field fill in or data
       provision mechanism should check for the Ecom_TransactionComplete
       field and cease automated fill when it is encountered until fill is
       further authorized.

    References

       ISO 3166 - Codes for the representation of names of countries,
                  <http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma>

       ISO 7812 - Identification card - Identification of issuers - Part 1:
                  Numbering system

       HTTP4.0  - HTML 4.0 Specification, <http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40>

       RFC 2026 - Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision
                  3", BCP 9, RFC 2026, October 1996.

       RFC 2246 - Dierks, T. and C. Allen, "The TLS Protocol: Version 1.0",
                  RFC 2246, January 1999.

       RFC 2411 - Thayer, R., Doraswany, N. and R. Glenn, "IP Security:
                  Document Roadmap", RFC 2411, November 1998.

       IOTP -     Internet Open Trading Protocol, being specified in the
                  IETF TRADE working group, D. Burdett

       SET -      Secure Electronic Transaction,
                  <http://www.setco.org/set_specifications.html>

       XML -      Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0,
                  <http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210>, T. Bray, J.
                  Paoli, C.  M. Sperberg-McQueen

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    RFC 2706                    ECom Field Names                October 1999

    Authors' Addresses

       Donald E. Eastlake, 3rd
       IBM, J1-N63
       17 Skyline Drive
       Hawthorne,  NY 10532 USA

       Phone:  +1-914-784-7913
       Fax:    +1-914-784-3833
       EMail:  dee3@us.ibm.com

       Ted Goldstein
       Brodia Networks, Inc.
       221 Main Street, Suite 1530
       San Francisco,  CA 94105 USA

       Phone:  +1 415-495-3100 x222
       Fax:    +1 415-495-3177
       EMail:  tgoldstein@brodia.com

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    RFC 2706                    ECom Field Names                October 1999

    Full Copyright Statement

       Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999).  All Rights Reserved.

       This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
       others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
       or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
       and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
       kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
       included on all such copies and derivative works.  However, this
       document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
       the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
       Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
       developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
       copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
       followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
       English.

       The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
       revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.

       This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
       "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
       TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
       BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
       HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
       MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

    Acknowledgement

       Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
       Internet Society.

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